2025/08/30

62. IDER-25-2. Pensions and Public Spending by function as % of GDP, : France, Germany, Spain, UK, and United States 2021

 

      This international comparison of Public Spending by Function, shows that the sum of Total Public Spending and Retir 2, takes a value close to 50% in Germany, Spain, the United Kingdom and the United States, and a higher value (close to 60%) in France. The lower values of UK and USA in Total Public Spending it is due to that the retirement pensions have two levels (retir.1 (publica) and retir.2 (private). Total Public Spending plus Retir 2 is very similar in 4 of these 5 countries, around 50%, but in France seems to be too high. The cause of the high % of France is not due to Retirement, nor to Education, Health, and Defense but to "other public xpending". 

  Analyzing Public Spending by Function, as % of GDP, we find:

Education: The percentage of Public Education is around 4.5% in Germany, Spain and the United Kingdom, 5.38% in France and 6.11% in the United States 

Health: Around 9.2% in France, UK and USA, around 10% in Germany and 6% in Spain.

 Retirement: Retir 1 includes % of Public Spending on Retirement. Ret 2 includes % of Private Spending on Retirement in countries where Private Retirement has an important share in total income from retirement (around 50% in the UK and around 33% in the United States, accordingly to provisional estimations). 

Pensions (public and private): The sum of Retir.1 and Retir.2 is close to 12% in France, Germany and Spain, around 15$ in the United Kingdom and around 17% in the United States.

Other Public Services: 12,8% in the USA, 18% in UK, 22% in Germnay, 25% and 30% in France.

The OECD Publication Government Spending at a Glance includes more data, although with very small letter size that are very difficult for reading. We expect to include more information in a next update of this Entry.

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2025/08/13

61. IDER-25-1. Health Expenditure per capita, public and private: Europe, the United States and other countries, year 2022

 


The graph shows that for the period 2000-2022 there was an increase of real Public Health Expenditure per capita in Germany and Spain. For the period 2000-2008 there was an increase of the ratio Spain/Germany, followed by a decrease of the ratio for 2008-2013, an stagnation, with small increases, for 2013-2022. 

IDER 25-1 is an International Development Report published by the Euro-American Association of Economic Development Studies, on international comparison of Health Expenditure per capita in several countries.

The following table shows a comparison in year 2022, with data of Public, Private and Total Health Expenditure per capita in current Dollars at Purchasing Power Parities. We include also a column of Production per capita, in current Dollars at PPPs, and Total Health Expenditure per capita in current Dollar at Exchange rates. 


More information in Entries 56 and  of this Blog and in the report IDER 23-4 

Entry 56. IDER 23-4. Health Services Resources and Scores:International Report of European Countires, 1996-2019

Economic Development 129 Ider-2023: Development Of 8 Latin American Countries For 1950-2021 And Report On Health Resources In Europe For 1996-2019

by GUISAN, Maria-Carmen

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